This work investigates the reasons that take students of an evening public high school in Natal, Brazil, to fail in the studies. The research considers policy, social, institutional and technical aspects, because the subject one involves internal and extra-school factors. Then, teachers, pedagogues, pupils and documents are consulted, beyond the literature that deals about the thematic. Scholars pointed out that the failure is originated in the school itself, which reproduces dominant values and therefore presents itself as an excluding institution that legitimizes social inequalities. The student, in turn, is seen as victim of the educational and social exclusion, because he doesn’t have social, economic and cultural capital to meet the expectations of that school model, leading to academic failure. That said the teacher must be prepared to overcome the excluding logic. The school must meet the needs of the worker students, guaranteeing them the access not only to propaedeutic knowledge, but also professional. The State has to increase investment in education, valorize the teacher and maintain public policies with the goal to overcome social inequalities of those who depend on evening public school today to rise socially, become a free citizen able to contribute to build a society less unequal.
Key words: Evening high school, excluding institution, capital, inequalities, fail.
Key words: Evening high school, excluding institution, capital, inequalities, fail.